1. Do not twist when climbing, and the vamp is scratched or damaged. (such as genuine leather: toe, cover and outer waist, do not appear defective leather, such as insect spots, scratches, stains, etc.). Whether the material of cow velvet is faded or not, with a pair.
2. Do not be unsmooth, wrinkle or pockmarked. Toe tip must be smooth not hair Angle.
3. Whether the ratio of toe tip warping is consistent or not, and whether the comparison is correct or not.
4. Compare the sample shoes to see whether the vamp is chromatic aberration, and whether the brightness and polishing effect are the same as that of the sample shoes.
5. No floating line or broken line is allowed on the side, and no bottom line or jumping needle is allowed.
6. Whether the ratio of shoe face length matches a pair, the height of the inner and outer waist, and the height of the back heel, etc.
7. The inside of the toe head shall not be folded or stamped, and check whether it is suitable for climbing into the middle sole (consider putting the front port treasure to help the front half of the foot when making cotton shoes).
8. Check whether the trademark letters are correct, indispensable letters.
9. Check if there is any drawing under the middle bottom plate, if there is any missing or missing port, or if the port is not hard enough (especially after port must be hard).
B. notes for bottom:
1. Check whether the steel core of the middle bottom is made of hard steel and whether the bending resistance test is passed. Whether the combined materials of the middle bottom plate meet the requirements of the company, whether the radian of the middle bottom is consistent with the last, whether the bottom is rolled or not.
2. Whether the leather is PU material, whether there is color difference and whether the wear-resisting effect meets our company’s standard. Day skin and heel appear crack or pull off.
3. Whether the nail head on the heel seat is raised or collapsed. Whether there are spikes in the heel (protruding from the heel side).
4. Does the outsole match with the waterproof platform?
5. Whether it has passed the impact test and meets the requirements of the company.
6. Cracks or unplug and fall off with the outsole.
7. If it is firm in the process of heel mounting, add four screws to the screw. Test the tension.
8. There should be no foreign body in the shoes, and the nails in the shoes should be removed.
9. Outsole, cannot fade color, thickness, hardness to standard.
10. Whether the shoes fit or not, and whether the high heels will wobble (this must be paid attention to)
C. accessories:
1. All kinds of decorations: do not break, paint off, scratch hand, flying edge, do not be iron material, not easy to fall off.
2 electrical embroidery needle spacing must be beautiful, can not fall off, not obvious color difference.
3. If the surface is decorated with beads and buttons, the fastness must be good (pull and pull to see if it falls off).
Increasing openness of agriculture in our country since wto accession, the interaction of two markets both at home and abroad and deepening, accurately grasp the international agricultural product market characteristics and the status of China’s agricultural competitiveness and agriculture are faced with the problem, open for better use of two resources, two markets as a whole to ensure the healthy development of the domestic agricultural is very important.
Trends and characteristics of supply and demand in international agricultural products market.Throughout the history of world agricultural product supply and demand and market changes over the past 50 years, the international agricultural product supply and demand and market have the following 7 significant characteristics and trends.
The international supply and demand of agricultural products are basically in balance, but regional shortages and food insecurity are prominent, and the risk of food crisis always exists. From 1961 to 2012, the global output of major agricultural products such as grains, oils and meat kept rising, higher than the population growth rate in the same period, and the per capita share increased steadily. But the regional imbalance, the difference is obvious. Developed countries produce too much food and developing countries are short of it. There are still 800 million hungry and undernourished people in the world. The balance between annual food supply and demand is also unstable. During this period, there were also three world food crises in the early 1970s, early 1990s and 2008, and the threat of food crisis has never been eradicated.
Relative to the effective demand with purchasing power, the international agricultural products market is abundant in supply, which has been oversupplied for quite a long time. Although there are a lot of poverty and malnutrition in the world’s population, but due to its lack of purchasing power, the demand for agricultural products cannot be converted to effective market demand, the international agricultural products market in a long period of general oversupply situation, surplus agricultural products processing and international agricultural products market price is too low has been a big problem of the international community. According to the statistics of unctad and fao, the real price level of major agricultural products in the world has been declining for a long time, but only in recent years has it started to rise due to the development of biomass energy. Over the past decade, global grain stocks have remained above the food security warning line.
The volume of grain trade in the international market accounts for a limited proportion of total grain production, and the basic grain supply capacity mainly depends on domestic production. The proportion of global grain trade in output is relatively low, remaining around 12% to 13.5% from 2001 to 2012. In contrast, the degree of trade liberalization of soybeans is relatively high, with trade volume accounting for 37.2% of production in 2012. This shows that, from a global perspective, food supply mainly depends on domestic production, and world food trade only contributes to less than 15% of global food supply.
Overall, there is great potential for supply growth in the international market and an effective response to China’s growing demand. But international markets are also risky. There is the risk of short-term, local shortages and food crises, of increased price volatility, of monopoly by multinational corporations and of increased control by major exporting countries. The characteristics of the international agricultural product market and supply and demand determine that we should not only make full use of it, but also prevent excessive dependence and risks.
Status quo of Chinese agricultural competitiveness
Agricultural burden of living costs are high, agricultural cost reduction is difficult. The cost of production in China is higher than that in the United States mainly because of the high cost of labor and land. Land rent and labor cost are actually converted into farmers’ income, which is an important source of supporting farmers’ livelihood. Therefore, the difference in the production cost of bulk agricultural products between China and the United States is essentially the difference in the livelihood cost borne by the two countries’ agriculture. In other words, the high production cost of bulk agricultural products in China is mainly due to the high livelihood cost of supporting the agricultural population. According to FAO data, China has about 5 agricultural people per hectare of arable land, 0.014 in the United States, 0.1 in the European Union and 0.6 in Japan. In addition, the construction of China’s rural social security system started late, and agriculture has significant multi-functional characteristics. It bears a variety of non-commodity functions such as food security, social security, environmental protection and rural development. The realization of these functions is at the cost of efficiency, which also weakens the competitiveness of China’s agriculture to some extent.
Of course, is said to have comparative advantage in the labor-intensive products in China, through moderate scale management, social service, science and technology progress and other measures to enhance the competitiveness of agriculture is still a certain scope, but on the whole, agriculture in our country, especially in agricultural commodities industry compared with the world’s leading exporter, there is a huge gap based competitive and difficult to change. With the improvement of China’s resident income level and the rise of agricultural labor opportunity cost, this gap will further expand, and the lack of agricultural basic competitiveness and high production cost will become more and more prominent.
1.Appearance 2.Quantity check 3.Carton drop test 4.Material check 5.Sealing Check 6.Logo/Printing 3M Tape test 7.Rubbing test 8.Odor smell test 9.Basic function check 10.Magnets attracting each other check 11.Needle distance check 12.Flatness check 13.Seam strength check
1. All countries in the world have strict requirements on toy safety. At present, foreign consumers frequently claim for compensation from domestic toy manufacturers for safety problems. Therefore, the safety of toys must be paid great attention to.
A. The manual needle must be placed on the fixed soft bag, not directly inserted into the toy, so that the needle can be pulled out without the human;
B. The broken needle must find another needle, and then report the two needles to the workshop supervisor for new needles. Toys that cannot find the broken needle must be searched through the probe;
C. only one work needle can be sent out for each hand. All steel tools should be placed uniformly, not arbitrarily;
D. Use the steel brush to brush properly. After brushing, feel the bristles by hand.
2. Accessories on the toy, including eyes, nose, buttons, ribbons, bow ties, etc., may be torn off by children (consumers), which may lead to danger. Therefore, all accessories must be tightly fastened and meet the tension requirements.
A. eyes and nose must bear A tension of 21LBS;
B. ribbons, flowers and buttons must bear 4LBS of tension;
C. The post quality inspector must often test the tension of the above parts, sometimes find problems, and solve them together with the engineer and the workshop;
3. All plastic bags used for packaging toys must be printed with warnings and perforated at the bottom to prevent children from putting them on their heads.
4. All filaments and meshes must have warning words and age signs.
5, all the toys, accessories must not have toxic chemical substances, so as to avoid the danger of children’s tongue licking;
6. Scissors, drill and other metal items shall not be left in the packing box.
II. Inspection of toy packaging:
A. Check whether the label of the outer carton is correct, whether there is wrong printing or missing printing, and whether there is useless wrong outer carton. Whether the printing on the outer box is in conformity with the requirements, oil stains or blurring is not acceptable;
B. Check whether the tag of the toy is complete and used incorrectly;
C. Check whether the playing method and position of the toy tag are wrong;
D. any serious or minor defects found in the stuffed toys must be identified to ensure that they are not defective;
E. Know customers’ packaging requirements and correct packaging methods. Check for errors;
F. Plastic bags for packaging must be printed with warning slogans, and the bottom of all plastic bags must be punched;
G. To know whether the customer requires to place instructions, warning books and other paper in the box;
H. Check whether the toys in the box are placed correctly, and it is unacceptable to squeeze too much or space;
I. the number of toys in the box and the number of labels on the box must be the same, not a few;
J. Check whether there are scissors, drill and other packaging tools left in the box, then seal the plastic bag and the carton;
K. When sealing, non-transparent adhesive paper shall not cover the words of box marks;
L.Fill in the correct container number. The total must match the order quantity.
1. Check whether the appearance of the product is in good condition, whether the edge is smooth and whether there is any burr.
2. Confirm whether the plastic products are recycled materials (hard/crisp, smelly)
3. Confirm whether the humidity of wood products is within the permitted range of guests. LBD: 8-12%; Caesar: 9-14%.
4, whether the interface is firm, there is no big gap.
5. Whether the comb head and comb handle are firm and whether they will fall off/break off in normal use.
6. Is the assembly reasonable? Is it assembled according to the customer’s accessories? Is the rubber header tightly assembled with the brush header and cannot be exposed or too small?
7. If it is a brush, observe whether the bristles are firm and whether there are empty pores.
Comb test
1. During the inspection process, the hair transplantation should be normally pulled by hand to make it firm.
2. During the inspection, pull the comb head and comb handle by hand to check whether the glue sticks firmly and falls off.
Product quality inspection report shows different characteristics, and the evaluation of these characteristics will be different due to different standards of people’s grasp. In order to avoid the influence of subjective factors, in the production, inspection and evaluation of product quality, there needs to be a basic basis and a unified standard, which is the product quality standard.
Firstly, according to the order of the production process
1. Incoming inspection
Incoming inspection is the inspection of raw materials, outsourced parts, outsourced parts, supporting parts, auxiliary materials, supporting products and semi-finished products purchased by the enterprise before entering the warehouse.
The purpose of purchase inspection is to prevent non-conforming products from entering the warehouse, prevent the use of non-conforming products, affect the product quality, affect the reputation of the enterprise or disrupt the normal production order. This is crucial to keeping the quality high and reducing unnecessary economic losses for the company.
Income inspection shall be conducted by a full-time inspector of the enterprise in strict accordance with technical documents.
Incoming inspection includes two kinds of sample inspection and batch inspection.
2. Process inspection
Process inspection, also known as process inspection, is an inspection performed between various processing steps in the product formation process.
The purpose is to ensure that the unqualified semi-finished products in each process cannot flow into the next process, to prevent the continued processing of unqualified semi-finished products and the batch of semi-finished products to be unqualified, and to ensure the normal production order. Because the process inspection is carried out according to the production process and operating procedures, it plays a role in verifying the process and ensuring that the process procedures are carried out.
Process inspection usually has three main forms: first article inspection; roving inspection; completion inspection.
3. Final inspection
Final inspection is also called finished product inspection, the purpose is to ensure that non-conforming products are not delivered.
Finished product inspection is a comprehensive inspection of the product after production and before it is put into storage.
The inspection of finished products is the responsibility of the enterprise quality inspection agency. Inspection should be carried out in accordance with the instructions of the inspection guide for finished products. Inspection of large quantities of finished products is generally carried out by statistical sampling inspection.
For products that pass the inspection of finished products, the shop should not go through the warehouse formalities until the inspector has issued a certificate of compliance. All the unqualified finished products should be returned to the workshop for rework, repair, downgrade or scrap treatment. The reworked and reworked products must be inspected again for the entire project. The inspector must make a record of the reworked and reworked products to ensure that the product quality is traceable.
Secondly, classification by inspection location
1. Centralized inspection
Centralize the products to be inspected in a fixed place, such as an inspection station. Generally, the final inspection adopts the method of centralized inspection.
2. On-site inspection
On-site inspection is also called on-site inspection, which refers to inspection at the production site or product storage place. General process inspection or final inspection of large products uses on-site inspection.
3. Flow inspection (roving inspection)
Inspectors shall conduct roving quality inspections of manufacturing processes at the production site. The inspectors shall conduct inspections in accordance with the inspection frequency and quantity specified in the inspection instructions and make a record.
The process quality control point should be the focus of the roving inspection. The inspector shall mark the inspection results on the process control chart.
When the inspection process finds that there is a problem in the quality of the process, on the one hand, it is necessary to work with the operator to find out the cause of the abnormal process, take effective corrective measures, and restore the process control state; All processed workpieces before inspection are re-inspected or screened to prevent substandard products from flowing into the next process or the user.
Thirdly, classification by inspection method
1. Physical and Chemical Inspection
Physical and chemical inspection refers to the method that mainly relies on measuring instruments, instruments, meters, measuring devices or chemical methods to inspect products and obtain inspection results. Where possible, use physical and chemical tests.
2. Sensory test
Sensory test is also called sensory test, which is based on human sensory organs to evaluate or judge the quality of the product. For example, the shape, color, odor, scars, and aging of products are usually tested by human visual, auditory, tactile, or olfactory sensory organs, and the quality of the product is judged as good or bad.
Sensory tests can be divided into:
Hobby sensory tests, such as wine tasting, tea tasting, and product appearance and style identification. Only by the rich practical experience of inspectors can correct and effective judgments be made.
Analytical sensory inspections, such as train inspections and equipment inspections, rely on the feelings of hands, eyes, and ears to judge temperature, speed, and noise.
3. Experimental use identification
Experimental use identification refers to the inspection of the actual use effect of the product. Through the actual use or trial of the product, observe the applicability of the product’s use characteristics.
Fourthly, according to the number of products tested
1. Full inspection
Full inspection is also called 100% inspection, which is to inspect all the submitted products one by one according to the prescribed standards.
It should be noted that even the full test cannot guarantee 100% of the grid due to wrong and missed tests. If the desired product is 100% qualified, you must repeat the full inspection several times to get close to the 100% Lily.
2. Sampling inspection
Sampling inspection is based on a predetermined sampling plan, and a specified number of samples are taken from the inspection batch to form a sample. The inspection of the sample can be used to infer that the batch is qualified or unqualified.
3. Exempt
Exemption from inspection is also called no-test inspection, which is mainly the non-test inspection performed on products purchased by the national authority’s product quality certification or trustworthy products at the time of purchase. The acceptance or failure can be based on the supplier’s certificate or inspection data.
When implementing inspection exemption, customers often have to supervise the production process of the supplier. Supervision can be carried out by sending personnel to station or requesting control charts of the production process.
Fifthly, classification by the nature of the data of the quality characteristics
1. Inspection of measurement value
Measurement value inspection needs to measure and record the specific values of the quality characteristics, obtain the measurement value data, and compare the data value with the standard to determine whether the product is qualified.
The quality data obtained from the measurement value inspection can be analyzed by statistical methods such as histograms and control charts, and more quality information can be obtained.
2. Count value test
In order to improve production efficiency in industrial production, limit gauges (such as plug gauges, card gauges, etc.) are often used for inspection. The obtained quality data is count value data such as the number of qualified products and the number of unqualified products, but cannot obtain specific values of quality characteristics.
Sixthly, classification according to the condition of the samples after inspection
1. Destructive inspection
Destructive inspection means that the inspection results (such as the blasting ability of the shell, the strength of the metal material, etc.) can only be obtained after the sample being inspected is destroyed. After the destructive test, the tested sample has completely lost its original use value, so the sample size is small, and the risk of testing is large.
2. Non-destructive inspection
Non-destructive inspection refers to inspection in which the product is not damaged during the inspection process, and the product quality does not change substantially. Most inspections, such as part size measurements, are non-destructive. Due to the development of non-destructive testing technology, the scope of non-destructive testing is gradually expanding.
Seventhly, classification by inspection purpose
1. Production inspection
Production inspection refers to the inspections carried out by production enterprises at various stages in the entire production process of product formation, with the purpose of ensuring the quality of products produced by production enterprises.
Internal control standards for production inspection.
2. Acceptance inspection
Acceptance inspection is the inspection performed by the customer (requirer) on the acceptance of the product provided by the production enterprise (supplier). The purpose of acceptance inspection is to ensure the quality of the accepted product.
Acceptance inspection carries out acceptance criteria.
3. Supervision inspection
Supervision and inspection refers to the market random inspection and supervision conducted by the independent inspection agencies authorized by the competent government departments at all levels in accordance with the plan formulated by the quality supervision and management department to extract commodities from the market or directly extract products from production enterprises. The purpose of supervision and inspection is to carry out macro-control over the quality of products put on the market.
4. Verification inspection
Verification inspection refers to an independent inspection agency authorized by the competent government department at all levels to take samples from the products produced by the enterprise and verify whether the products produced by the enterprise meet the requirements of the implemented quality standards. For example, the type test in product quality certification is a verification inspection.
5. Arbitration inspection
Arbitration inspection means that when the supplier and the buyer have a dispute over product quality, an independent inspection agency authorized by the competent government department at all levels will take samples for inspection and provide the arbitration agency as the technical basis for the award.
Eighthly, classification by supply and demand
1. First-party inspection
The producer (supplier) is called the first party. First-party inspection refers to the inspection of the products produced by the manufacturer itself. The first party inspection is actually the production inspection.
2. Second party inspection
The user (customer, buyer) is called the second party. The purchaser’s inspection of purchased products or raw materials, purchased parts, outsourced parts, and ancillary products is called second-party inspection. The second party inspection is actually the purchase inspection (buy inspection) and acceptance inspection.
3. Third party inspection
The independent inspection agencies authorized by the competent government departments at all levels are called impartial third parties. Third party inspections include supervision inspections, verification inspections, arbitration inspections, etc.
Ninethly, classification by inspection personnel
1. Self-test
Self-inspection refers to the inspection of the products or parts processed by the operator himself. The purpose of the self-inspection is to understand the quality status of the processed product or component through inspection, so as to continuously adjust the production process to produce a product or component that fully meets the quality requirements.
2. Mutual inspection
Mutual inspection is the mutual inspection of the processed products by the operators of the same job or the next process. The purpose of mutual inspection is to find quality problems that do not comply with the technical regulations in time through inspection, so that corrective measures can be taken in time to ensure the quality of processed products.
3. Special Inspection
Special inspection refers to the inspection conducted by personnel directly under the leadership of the quality inspection agency of an enterprise who are engaged in quality inspection.
Tenthly, classification by inspection system components
1. Batch inspection
Batch-by-batch inspection refers to the inspection of each batch of products produced in the production process. The purpose of batch-by-batch inspection is to determine the conformity of the batch of products.
2. Periodic inspection
Period refers to time. Periodic inspection is an inspection performed at a certain interval (quarterly or monthly) from a batch or batches that pass the batch-by-batch inspection. The purpose of cycle inspection is to determine whether the production process is stable during the cycle.
Periodic inspection and batch-by-batch inspection constitute the complete inspection system of the enterprise. Periodic inspection is an inspection to determine the role of system factors in the production process, while batch inspection is an inspection to determine the role of random factors. The two are a complete inspection system for commissioning and maintaining production. Periodic inspection is the premise of batch-by-batch inspection. There is no batch-by-batch inspection for production systems that do not have periodic inspection or fail in periodic inspection. Batch-by-batch inspection is a supplement to periodic inspection. Batch-by-batch inspection is a test that controls the effects of random factors on the basis of eliminating the effects of system factors through periodic inspection.
In general, batch-to-batch inspection only inspects the key quality characteristics of the product. The periodic inspection should check the entire quality characteristics of the product and the impact of the environment (temperature, humidity, time, air pressure, external force, load, radiation, mildew, moth, etc.) on the quality characteristics, including accelerated aging and life testing. Therefore, the equipment required for the periodic inspection is complicated, the cycle is long, and the cost is high, but the periodic inspection must not be performed because of this. When an enterprise does not have the conditions to conduct periodic inspections, it may entrust inspection institutions at all levels to perform periodic inspections on its behalf.
Eleventhly, according to the effect of inspection
1. Critical test
Judgment inspection is based on the quality standards of the product, and the conformity judgment of the product is determined by inspection. The main function of the judgment test is to check, and its prevention function is very weak.
2. Informational Inspection
Informative inspection is a modern inspection method that uses the information obtained by inspection for quality control. Because informative inspection is both inspection and quality control, it has a strong preventive function.
3. Causality test
The cause-finding inspection is to find out the possible causes of non-conformity (cause-seeking) through sufficient prediction during the design stage of the product, and to design and manufacture error-proof devices in a targeted manner for the product manufacturing process to prevent non-conformities The production of goods. Therefore, causal tests have a strong preventive function.
The materials used in the product shall not cause pollution to the water quality, and materials prone to corrosion are not allowed to be used. The product is subjected to 90 hot water for no more than 1min, and the smell of the water does not change
2. Appearance quality inspection
1) there shall be no shrinkage holes, sand holes, cracks, pores and other defects on the outer surface of the copper casting, and no mold sand shall be adhered to in the inner cavity.
2) the outer surface of plastic parts should not have obvious ripple, scratch, modification damage and other defects.
3) all the surfaces that can be touched by the human body in use should not have sharp edges and corners and other hidden dangers that may cause harm to the human body.
4) after installation, there shall be no place not to be plated on the surface of the electroplating appearance. The surface shall be bright and uniform, and no peeling, peeling, bubbles and other phenomena are allowed.
3. Inspection of marking, packaging, transportation, etc
1) there shall be a permanent mark of a registered trademark on the product.
2) the individual package of the product shall be marked with the name of the manufacturer, the product name, the product model, the registered trademark, the number of the execution standard, the date of production, etc. (except for the special requirements of the customer).
3) the product shall be accompanied by the factory inspection certificate and installation and operation manual.
4) each set of products shall be packaged separately to ensure that there is no destructive collision between the parts of the products.
5) the product should be protected from rain, dampness and knock during transportation, and should be handled when checked.
6) the product shall be stored in a well ventilated and dry room and shall not be stored with acid, alkali or corrosive articles.
